{"id":385,"date":"2026-05-21T06:37:25","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T06:37:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/?p=385"},"modified":"2026-05-29T04:03:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T04:03:10","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b2%d9%84-%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p 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href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/a>, \u060c \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%ba%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1\/\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%a7\/\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644<\/a>,<\/em> <em><a href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/%d8%a8%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85\/\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/em> \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u201c\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u201d \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Part_1_%E2%80%94_Environment_Building_a_Reliable_Bird_DNA_Testing_Workspace\" >\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 1 - \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Part_2_%E2%80%94_Equipment_What_Machines_Are_Actually_Needed\" >\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 2 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Traditional_PCR_vs_RT-PCR_Core_Differences\" >\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Traditional_PCR_Equipment\" >\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a PCR \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#RT-PCR_Real-Time_PCR\" >\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a (RT-PCR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#DNA_Extraction_Equipment\" >\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#ELISA_and_Antibody_Testing_for_Birds\" >\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646 ELISA \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Part_3_%E2%80%94_Reagents_The_Real_Consumable_Cost_of_Bird_DNA_Testing\" >\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 3 - \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Core_PCR_Reagents\" >\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Bird-Specific_Genetic_Targets\" >\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Final_Thoughts\" >\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/test-bird-dna-at-home-what-equipment-and-reagents-do-you-need\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions\" >\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_1_%E2%80%94_Environment_Building_a_Reliable_Bird_DNA_Testing_Workspace\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 1 - \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 PCR \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PCR \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0634<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0637<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 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\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\/\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u201d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0631\u0629\u201d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a $20-$80 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a $30-$150 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 PCR \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a PCR \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 PCR \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a RT-PCR \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_2_%E2%80%94_Equipment_What_Machines_Are_Actually_Needed\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 2 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 1 - \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 PCR \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 2 - \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a (RT-PCR \/ qPCR)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Traditional_PCR_vs_RT-PCR_Core_Differences\"><\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th><th>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/th><th>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td><td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641<\/td><td>\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td><td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/td><td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td><td>\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td><td>\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623<\/td><td>\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td><td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td><td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/td><td>\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a<\/td><td>\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/td><td>\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td><td>\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Traditional_PCR_Equipment\"><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a PCR \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 PCR \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 PCR:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649: $300-$1500 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 PCR \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649: $2000-$5000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (RT-PCR)\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0632\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a (DNA)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 PCR \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td><td>$50-$300<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td><td>$80-$500<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642<\/td><td>$150-$1000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td><td>$500-$3000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 PCR \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 $0.30 - $2 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RT-PCR_Real-Time_PCR\"><\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u064a (RT-PCR)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d RT-PCR \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 RT-PCR \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0640 RT-PCR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 qPCR \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629: $2000-$8000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: $10,000-$4t50,000+ \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 RT-PCR \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (RT-PCR) \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 RT-PCR:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 $1-$8 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 RT-PCR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0640<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DNA_Extraction_Equipment\"><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">1. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0637\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a: $1-$4T4 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629: $50-$500<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a: $2000-$20,000 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 AB Lysis Buffer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 AB lysis buffer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0636\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ELISA_and_Antibody_Testing_for_Birds\"><\/span>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646 ELISA \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0627\u062a ELISA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 ELISA<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 ELISA \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 ELISA \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a ELISA \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 ELISA<\/td><td>$1500\u2013$10,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u063a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 ELISA<\/td><td>$500-$5000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a ELISA<\/td><td>$3-$20 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_3_%E2%80%94_Reagents_The_Real_Consumable_Cost_of_Bird_DNA_Testing\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 3 - \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641<\/a> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Core_PCR_Reagents\"><\/span>\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a (DNA)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dNTPs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 RT-PCR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (RT-PCR) \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 RT-PCR \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 PCR \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 PCR \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>D<\/mi><mi>N<\/mi><mi>A<\/mi><mover><mo stretchy=\"true\" minsize=\"3.0em\">\u2192<\/mo><mpadded width=\"+0.6em\" lspace=\"0.3em\"><mrow><mi>P<\/mi><mi>C<\/mi><mi>R<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mpadded><\/mover><mi>m<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>o<\/mi><mi>f<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \\\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 (DNA)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>DNAPCR\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bird-Specific_Genetic_Targets\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 CHD1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">DRD4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">LDHA<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">CRY1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0633<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u063a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Final_Thoughts\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 RT-PCR \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ELISA \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">What Equipment Is Needed for Basic Bird DNA PCR Testing?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Basic avian PCR testing workflows commonly require a thermal cycler, micropipettes, centrifuge, electrophoresis equipment or fluorescence PCR system, laboratory tubes, and contamination-controlled work areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">What Reagents Are Commonly Used in Bird DNA PCR Testing?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Common PCR reagents include DNA extraction buffers, PCR master mix, primers, molecular-grade water, fluorescent dyes or probes, and positive or negative laboratory controls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Can Bird DNA Testing Be Performed in a Small Laboratory Setup?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Small-scale laboratory setups can perform basic avian PCR workflows when proper molecular biology procedures, contamination control, and laboratory handling protocols are followed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Why Is Contamination Control Important in PCR Testing?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PCR systems are highly sensitive. Small amounts of external DNA contamination from hands, feathers, scissors, pipettes, or laboratory surfaces may interfere with amplification results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">What Is the Difference Between Traditional PCR and RT-PCR Equipment?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Traditional PCR systems generally require post-amplification gel electrophoresis analysis, while RT-PCR systems use fluorescence detection during the amplification process for real-time monitoring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Why Do Many Laboratories Use Fluorescence RT-PCR Systems?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fluorescence RT-PCR systems can improve workflow efficiency, reduce post-PCR handling, and support automated amplification analysis in modern avian laboratories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">What Samples Can Be Used for Bird DNA PCR Testing?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Common avian PCR samples include freshly plucked feathers, blood cards, tissue samples, eggshell membranes, and swab samples depending on laboratory protocols.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Why Are Micropipettes Important in Molecular Biology Laboratories?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Micropipettes allow laboratories to accurately transfer extremely small liquid volumes required for PCR reagents, DNA templates, and molecular testing workflows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Is Gel Electrophoresis Required for Traditional PCR?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Traditional PCR workflows commonly use agarose gel electrophoresis to visualize amplified DNA fragments after thermal cycling is completed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">What Skills Are Needed for Home PCR Laboratory Work?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Basic molecular biology knowledge, sterile handling procedures, pipetting accuracy, contamination prevention, and PCR workflow understanding are important for small laboratory PCR operations.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bird DNA testing is no longer limited to universities or large veterinary laboratories. Today, bird breeders, racing pigeon enthusiasts, parrot owners, and small avian clinics are increasingly interested in building compact home or small-scale testing laboratories. Based on the technical direction and laboratory concepts presented on Avian Test Pro and the article How to Build [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":386,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-seno-avian-test"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=385"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":426,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/385\/revisions\/426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aviantestpro.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=385"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}